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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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#5036 - Calling in Question
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- Q. If someone has yohrtzait on Shiva Asar Betamuz, but because of illness he does not know if he will be fasting a full day, can he be called to the Torah on this year in the morning as he always is? He has always fasted before, yet he is a bit afraid this year.
A. We were asked a similar question (2764) as follows:
“If someone has yohrtzait on Shiva Asar Betamuz, but because of illness is not fasting a full day, can he be called to the Torah o this year when the taanis falls on a Thursday and the Torah would have been read anyway?
To what we answered:
“Mishna Berura (566: 19) quotes Magen Avrohom that the ruling of the Shulchan Aruch not to give an aliyah to someone not fasting applies only during Mincha but not during Shacharis in the days when there would be otherwise also Kerias Hatorah such as Mondays and Thursdays. Mishna Berura quotes other Poskim that debate the issue, and summarizes, that is he was called to an aliyah according to everyone he should proceed.
Although. it isn’t clear from his words if he can be called lechatchila to the Torah, Aruch Hashulchan (ibid.), Divrei Shalom (93) and others rule like the Magen Avrohom and Eliahu Rabbah that he can be called on the onset.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlt’a opinion is similar.”
In our case Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlt’a pointed that since Shiva Asar Betamuz, is on Tuesday (2024) and there is no usual reading of the Torah, there is more reason to be stringent, yet it all depends on the case, the changing particular circumstances and the feelings if he can actually fast the whole day.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/11/2024 11:15 PM |
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#5035 Surprise For Thursday 5th of Tamuz
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- Q. What is the source in the Gemora and Rishonim that in order for someone to be a Novi, (prophet) he must first receive Nevuah in Eretz Yisroel?
A. See Rashi (Yechezkel 1: 3) and Radak (ibid) that the nevuah of Yechezkel began only on the fifth of Tamuz (surprise!) when he arrived in Eretz Yisroel, since no ”ruach of nevuah” starts outside of Eretz Yisroel.
Rashi mentions also in Moed Kattan (25: 1) that once the spirit of nevuah begins in Eretz Yisroel, even after one exits the land, the Ruach of Nevuah persists.
Meshech Chochmoh (Bereishis 46: 5) further compares the spirit of nevuah to the sacrificing of Korbanoth that once some parts are brought during the day, the rest can be sacrificed and consumed at night also. So it occurs with nevuah too.
Maharitz Chayos (2: 4) quotes the Kuzary who adds that when the prophesy relates to the Holy Land, it can be said even for those who never were in Yisrael, thus explaining the nevuos of the Avos, Moshe Rabbenu, Aharon Hacohen and others.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/11/2024 3:47 PM |
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#5034 Trust Those Words?
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Q. Can one use the “Vertlach” (small attractive words of Torah interpretations) that were created by an ingenious new artificial intelligence program?
A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it is better to avoid such a source and use Vertlach created by human Torah learners.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:54 AM |
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#5033 We Didn’t Catch that Name!
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- Q. Why is the Parsha this week called Korach? How can we use the name of a Rasha (evil person) for a Parsha title?
A. The Talmud (Baba Basra 74a and Sanhedrin 110a) mentions that the sons of Korach and according to some Korach himself survived and are constantly claiming that “Moshe Emes Vetoroso Emes, Vaanachnu Badoin” Moshe told the truth and they lied.
So in the end they became Baalei Teshuva. We also have a number of Tehilim psalms that carry the name of the sons of Korach (42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49).
Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit'a added that others also used that name.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:50 AM |
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#5032 Looking for Trouble!
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- Q. Is it permitted to go on Shabbos to sit in a treife restaurant in honor of grandmother's birthday if no treife will be consumed and no melacha done by the chareidi grandson?
A. As important and as a great mitzva the honoring of grandparents is, the above scenario is not permitted since it is at least a prohibited scene act (Ma’aras Ayin) and creates the appearance of transgression of severe prohibitions.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:45 AM |
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#5031 - Crack in the Bottle?
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- Q. (re question 5020, regarding filtering some small particles of glass left when a bottle of wine broke before kiddush on Shabbos, and the prohibition of Borer)
Q. 1- it was answered that other methods can be done by two people. why two people and what are the methods?
2- is there not a problem of coloring on Shabbos when the wide vessel/ filter method is used? and does that method require two people as well?
A. There is more leniency when two people perform a prohibited work together on Shabbos. Doing the filtering in the very different way to what is commonly done is also a reason to be lenient.
The same applies to the coloring of the cloth involved. Since a disposable napkin should be used that does not benefit from the coloring, similar to cleaning the table after the meal, there is no reason to be stringent.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:40 AM |
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# 5030 Moonlighting for Kiddush Levana?
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- Q. My son’s bar mitzva is on the second Shabbos of the month, Should he wait until then to say Kiddush Levana or if it can be done should he say it after the first Shabbos?
A. The questions involves the priority of two contradicting principles. One would be that one should do a mitzva as soon as possible and “Mitzva Havaa leyadecha al Tachmitzena, (Do not delay an opportunity to do a mitzva as it may spoil). The other is one should wait to comply with the mitzva when it is more important as in our case reciting Kiddush Levana after one is already Bar Mitzva.
Ishei Yisroel quoting Horav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach and Horav Chaim Kanievsky ZT”l maintain that it should be done before Bar Mitzva. However Levana Bechidusha mentions that Horav Elishuv Zt’l opinion was to wait if possible. A similar opinion is given by Yabia Omer (3: 27) and Ribavos Ephraim (5: 299) (See Piskei Teshuva 426: 6).
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that it should be done earlier specially in our latitudes when there may not be a moon present next Shabbos.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:37 AM |
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#5029 Bathroom Literature - Really?
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- Q. Mi Rabino Querido, I usually read books of food recipes while I’m in the bathroom. Can it be done on Shabbat?
A. Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchoso (29: 46) rules that one should not read cooking instructions during Shabbos as one would avoid reading about prohibited business ventures or the technical operation of equipment.
However, on note116 he quotes Horav S. Z. Auerbach Zt”l that if he is only reading about the ingredients needed and avoids the actual cooking procedures on the stove or oven, it could be permitted.
Beer Moshe (6: 67) mentions something similar especially for women gathering together and enjoying the conversation. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:34 AM |
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#5028 Your Earliest Convenience
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- Q. See questions above. Do I have to give all of the tzedakah at once or can I invest some of it and spread out the payments?
A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a maintains that if the poor are there, one should give immediately.
On question 2531 we were asked:
“If I am putting a certain percentage of my salary into an IRA or other retirement account and I won’t be using the money for many years, when do I take maaser? Before I put it in?
If I have to take maaser before I put it in, do I have to keep calculating every year how much it went up and taking maaser on that? Or can I put it into the account without maasering it and then just take the maaser when I take it out to spend it?
And I have the same question if I take a percentage of my salary to invest in stocks – do I take off maaser before I invest and again every year? or just at the end? thank you.
To what we answered:
“Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that in both cases, It is better and simpler to do the mitzva as soon as possible, and donate the maaser when the money is earned.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:31 AM |
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#5027 Lessons on Tuition
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- Q. See question above. Would paying tuition for my kids be considered tzedaka? What about their weddings?
A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a quoted Aruch Hashulchan that since the father is obliged to teach his child, and after all the teacher is his agent, so Maaser funds can not be used.
On question 475 we were asked:
“Am I allowed to give my maaser money to my parents so that they can use it for my tuition? Thank you.
To what we answered:
“See Shulchan Aruch and Remoh (C.M. 207: 2 and Nesivos Hamishpot ibid. 2)) in regards to whom do the wages of a working girl, still at home and supported by the father, belong. Assuming the most likely scenario that the father willingly gives away his rights to those wages to his daughter, Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a suggest that when the father could afford to pay the tuition, it is best for the daughter to donate the maser monies directly to the institution and request from them if they would kindly and benevolently, from their own free will, deduct that amount from her tuition or agree that they would accept monies that were raised on their behalf as tuition.
The reason being is that you cannot use maser money for payments you are already obligated to compensate, as the Chofetz Chaim in Ahavas Chessed (Ch. 19) writes because “it is like paying one’s own debts from maaser funds”. Although girls schooling and tuition was in former years seen as optional since in Halacha there is no inherent parental obligation to educate girls in a school, that is not the case today (Igrois Moishe Y.D. 2: 113), therefore giving your maser money to your parents may not be of help as they can not use it for paying your tuition (assuming they are able to pay tuition).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:27 AM |
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#5026 Charity Begins at Home
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- Q. How does one calculate tzeddaka (Maaser) on the sale of a house? I'm assuming that some expenses could be deducted such as mortgage and taxes and maintenance but not consumables such as gas and electricity.
A. On question 357 we were asked:
“If a property is purchased & one leases it to pay off a mortgage is the rental money subject to maasser if there is no profit left over after expenses such as taxes, interest & paying off the loan?
What if the mortgage is part of a business transaction (with a heter iske) with another yid? How does the borrower and the lender calculate maasser?”
To what we answered:
“When paying off a mortgage the principal part of the payments, as opposed to the interest, is income as you are paying off the loan, and therefore subject to Maaser.
When borrowing using a Heter Isko, the same applies for the borrower. The lender pays Maaser from the interest (permitted by the Isko agreement) he is collecting. As revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a"
Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a commented that when giving Teruma and Maaser, farmer does not deduct the cost of the seeds he spent.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 7/5/2024 11:23 AM |
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#5025 - Giving a Giving Education -
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Q. Dear Rov, As you well know, I’m one of the younger mispalelim that attends your shul from time to time. If I earn some money during the summer by helping in boys camp I attend. Since I’m supported by my parents, do I have to give maaser to tzedaka?
A. On a similar question 2419 we wrote:
Q. A bachur who makes some money (such as when he leins or participates in a learning program) but is generally dependent on his parents for his sustenance, is he obligated to give maaser from the money that he makes?
A. Poskim mention that a bar mitzva bochur should begin giving maaser as he also complies with other mitzvos (Beorach Tzedaka 3: 7, quoting R”P Sheinberg and R”N Karelitz Shlit’a).
As far as he being considered an oni or poor and exempt from maaser, as mentioned in the prior question, Shulchan Aruch (248: 1) rules that everyone is obliged to give tzedaka, even one who himself depends on charity to survive. See also Orchos Rabbenu (3: p. 138) quotes Chaye Adam (p. 295: 5) and Chazon Ish, assert that even the impoverished that survive by receiving tzedaka are obliged in the mitzva of tzedaka.
However. Mishne Halochos (2: 152) relieves an oni from giving maaser. Beorach Tzedaka (ibid.) maintains that most Poskim exempt him from giving maaser.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is similar.
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Posted 6/30/2024 6:22 PM |
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#5024 Lighting the Candle
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- Q. See question above. I have a single blind grandmother that lives in Mexico and has a maid that takes care of her, can she ask her maid to hold her hand and she would then light the candle and recite the bracha?
A. See question above. The maid should hold her hand an guide her to light herself the candle and recite.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 2:00 PM |
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#5023 The Faith of the Blind
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- Q. My elderly grandmother due to old age and disease lost her eyesight and can’t see at all, can my grandfather light the Shabbos candles and she should recite the blessings? It provides to her a tremendous great beautiful feeling and inspiration if she is able to say the blessing.
A. Mishna Berura (263: 14) quotes Magen Avrohom that a blind woman can light and recite the brocho since she also has benefit as others will see and help her. However, he maintains that her seeing husband should recite the brocho. Some opine that he should also light. Meoros Nossan is of the opinion that if she is in stress for not being able to do so, can both light and recite the blessing. (See Piskei Teshuvos ibid.)
Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a recommended that the husband should hold her hand and help her light the candles with the brocho.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:57 PM |
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#5022 The Light of Seeing
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- Q. See question above. Dear Rov and colleague. We joined together yesterday at the Kabolas Ponim and welcoming of the Gedolei Yisroel in their historic visit to Toronto to establish the Keren Olam Hatorah.
I watched you approach the Slavodker Rosh Yeshiva Shlit’a and ask him something and I was impressed at the strength of his reply. When I questioned you about it, as you were then rushing you told me it was important and I should contact you. So please tell me.
A. I ask for your apology, yet we are so really busy these days with so many Shailos that now expanded even to South America and communities in Europe.
The question was on a crucial and very basic issue in our days as you can see from the above Shailah I’m including.
Horav Hagaon Rav Moshe Hillel Hirsch Shlit’a answered me with a principle I have also heard from Mori Verabi, Horav Hagaon Rav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a that the sense of vision is different to the other senses, as it is the basic nature and essence of the brain. What we see, is what our mind actually is. Therefore it is different to hearing, smelling, tasting and other senses, since what we see, in principle is what we are. And, it may be so contrasting, that even artificial vision by implants or similar electronic devises, may be able to create that real sense of vision.
This answer, of course is just the beginning of a most important process and debate that still requires much global Halachik discussion.
To be continued.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:55 PM |
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#5021 Beat the Brains?
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Q. Kvod Horav Shlit’a. As far as I remember you were the first to address the question of electronic brain implants that connect directly to the brain and permit someone to see and read, and if that type of eyesight would have any Halacha value, for permitting someone to recite the customary brachot that depend on seeing, like the blessing on the moon or reading the Torah etc. As the above conditions seem now imminent, has there been any change or development in the Haalacha approach?
A. Indeed, on question 3545 (May 26, 2022) we addressed the Halacha issues of Bionic eyes, as follows:
“Q. Dear Rabbi, I think it is likely that this is the first time this question is being asked. We live in a changing world. Totally deaf people can now hear using Cochlear implants. Born blind or people missing eyes, can now see at least partially for the first time.
There are two devices out there, the Argus II and the Orion. The Argus II is a retinal implant, but this implant can only work with patients who have retinal diseases. The Orion is an implant in the visual cortex of your brain.
A new implant for blind people connects directly into the brain successfully bypassing the eyes and allows rudimentary vision. (aarp.org).
Even brain waves are used already by paraplegics to move wheel chairs. No doubt in the not so far future we will be able to communicate with others using just those brain waves. Today we are able to zoom and participate in a shiur with others, in the future we likely be able to share not only sights and sound, but taste and smell too.
My question is, will one have to recite a bracha on those flavors, smells and tastes he experiences. And if they bring joy to us, will they be considered similar to a Seuda that if done on Chol Hamoed complies with the mitzvah of Simchas Yom Tov or any other expression of Simcha?
To what we answered:
“In regard to Cochlear implants on question 3306 we wrote that Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that one does not comply with the mitzvah of listening to the Shofar or listening to the Megila, while using them.
Horav Dovid Pam Shlit”a maintains that in our case of artificial vision by implants or similar, one would likely not have to recite a Brocho when experiencing any vision, similar to the taste of food, since after all it is only in one’s mind.
As far a Simchas Yom Tov is concerned, since our Sages specify that it has to be created with real meat or wine, one would also not comply. However, for just being in joy such as Marbim Besimcha in Adar, it is possible that one may indeed comply. (see next question).
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:50 PM |
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#5020 - What Are You Drinking?
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Q. Dearest Rov, Last Shabbat we were enjoying at a kiddush in shul for an Oifruff. Then when it came to reciting Kiddush the only wine available was a real truly expensive wine bottle and since they were unable to open directly, the abnormally too well closed wine bottle, they used the door frame and the bottle broke leaving some small particles of glass inside. They took a napkin cloth and poured some wine enough to fill the Kiddush cup with filtered wine. Was that permitted?
A. Chashukei Chemed (Shabbos 139b) addresses a similar Shailah and rules that if the question would involve a regular liquid drink and not wine for kiddush the answer would be simple, since they can place a piece of cloth at the mound of the bottle and then just drink directly from the bottle, as Shulchan Aruch (O.H. 319: 16) rules that the prohibition of Borer applies only when fixing the the food or liquid before one eats it or drinks it, and not when it is done simultaneously.
He deals with other ways to be able to filter the wine when done by two individuals. Also mentions, pouring the wine in question into a wide vessel and then placing a cloth on top and using the wine that would filter and float on top of the cloth.
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that one should use instead of wine a fine liquor for kiddush and Birchat Hamazon.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:46 PM |
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# 5019 Of Your Choice
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- Q. Hello Rav, If I have a bunch of mixed cutlery mixed in a drying rack, my understanding is that I can't (on Shabbat) choose one randomly and then put it in its place in the drawer and then keep doing that until its all put away. I believe this a classic borrer issue. Correct? However, I'm wondering if this would be permissible on Yom Tov. Thanks.
A. The Borer prohibition applies to Yom Tov in this case as it would during Shabbos, and a similar approach should be used.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:42 PM |
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#5018 Not a Dead End
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- Q. Moreinu Shlit”a, If someone is sitting shiva but doesn't want you to publicize it, should you listen to them? (They have a minyan anyway but many people would like to know and be Menachem Avel)
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A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that even when one is interested in giving honor to the neshamot of the deceased and having people join the avelim in their mourning, the respect due to the living now in mourning prevails and if for whatever reason they don’t want people to come and visit them, their opinion and needs prevails.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:41 PM |
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# 5017 Guess the Guest
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- Q. I was told that unless someone was registered in the conversion program with the Beit Din we are not supposed to invite them.
How does that work if people don't know this procedure and the candidates don't tell you? Shouldn't there be a registry and the procedure made public? What should you do if someone comes to your house with another guest? Wouldn't it be embarrassing to interrogate them or turn them away?
A. It is unlikely that such a reliable registry could be created in our large cities. The best probable way to correctly address such a situation when in need, is by asking prior to their coming, friends that know the guest or finding out in which if any shull or congregation they are members of. You may even very politely and in privacy ask the guest themselves, when they will not be embarrassed as to what their status is.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a.
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Posted 6/28/2024 1:39 PM |
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Important Numbers
