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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.
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# 1044 Hagalah Bizman Kariv
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Q. Can you kasher pots and pans or cutlery by just placing them in an oven and running a self cleaning cycle? (a much easier task than immersing each item separately in a boiling pot)
Can those items be touching each other when being kashered together in the oven?
A. Horav Shlomo Millers Shlita opinion is that if they require only hagalah in boiling water, placing them in an oven for thirty minutes at 230° C - 450° F temperature will suffice. The utensils could be touching each other.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/15/2016 5:39 PM |
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# 1043 If the Glove Fits
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Q. If I use plastic gloves for holding on to the pots and cutlery being kashered for Pesach use in a large pot with boiling water, do the gloves become non kosher? Do I have to get new ones for every use, since plastic can't be kashered?
A. Horav Shlomo Millers Shlita opinion is that you can use gloves or thongs to immerse utensils to be kashered, again and again without changing them, since this is a not “Ben Yomo” and a “Nat Bar Nat” case. (the chametz utensil has not been used for twenty four hours and only the prohibited embedded flavor on the utensil remains, were transferred twice.)
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/15/2016 4:54 PM |
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# 1042 Azoy Shine?
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Q. How about a slightly tarnished silver kidush cup. Does the cup have to be totally polished and shiny before Pesach kashering?
A. Mishna Berura (451: 21) rules that rust stains that do not have any “mamoshus”or substance to them, and when you scrape them no particles of rust fall off them, are not considered rust and do not interfere with the kashering process, as they only create a visual effect.
Therefore Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a maintains that even black tarnish stains that meet the above criteria, do not interfere. However he recommends that if there is a kosher lePesach question on the polishing cream or liquid, one should first polish and then kasher.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/15/2016 3:02 PM |
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# 1041 It's kosher to kasher
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Q. Can anodized aluminium cookware (Kitchen Aid) be kashered for Pesach?
A. Anodization is a process in which by applying an electrical charge on the aluminium vessels, one increases the thickness of the oxide layer on them, thereby making them harder, more durable, and less likely to corrode. This anodized aluminium is less reactive than non-anodized aluminum and far safer to use with food.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that although in a sense the metal is oxidized and covered with rust, it does not interfere with the kashering process at all.
It does not compare with Shulchan Aruchs rule (O.H. 451: 3) that before kashering can be effective, all rust should be properly and completely removed. Mainly because no chametz was absorbed before the utensil became rusty so the rust cannot interfere with the removal. The fact that this oxide layer is a desired and needed part and parcel of the utensil itself, does not really matter, since even a factual rusty utensil that absorbed chametz after reaching that stage, can be kashered. We would then say “Kebolo Kach Polto,” in the manner it was absorbed, so it will be expelled.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a.
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Posted 4/15/2016 2:59 PM |
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# 1040 Back into the Past
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Q. Re- question 1035 traveling east from Beijing to JFK, You mentioned that when you cross any of the datelines during Shabbos, you will revert 24 hours to erev Shabbos after keeping Shabbos some hours. Would you then have to make havdalah?
A. Betzel Hachochmo (4: 83) quoting Ridbaz and others, rules that someone that kept Shabbos and recited havdala already, then travels east and crosses the dateline back into Shabbos, has to keep Shabbos again; and at the end of this second Shabbos day has to recite a second havdal.
However in our case, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that he does not have to make havdala, since he only entered a Shabbos area according to the view of the Sefer Hayoman and it was only a partial Shabbos.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/14/2016 10:37 PM |
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#1039 Shabbat Salad
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Q. Can a mixed fruit salad, made by cutting fruits including grapes be prepared on Shabbos?
A. Some Poskim maintain (see 39 melochos p. 334) that one should preferably abstain from cutting grapes on Shabbos, even if one does not intend to squeeze them at all and will not drink the juice that emanates from them.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that one can be lenient and cut grapes for a salad or for a child, if the emanating juices are discarded.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/10/2016 11:19 PM |
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# 1038 Grapes of What?
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Q. Regarding the issur of mashkin shzavu of grapes on Shabbos, If one has a fruit salad of grapes and other fruits, and there is a collection of liquid at the bottom of the bowl, is the mashke mutar btaruvos? Do we go after rov fruits i.e. rov grapes assur, rov melon muttar?
Thank you
A. Shulchan Aruch and Remo (O.H. 320: 1) rule that the juice that seeped by itself from grapes on Shabbos is rabbinically prohibited. However, from other fruits even if they are also regularly also squeezed for their juices, it is permitted.
Shulchan Aruch (ibid. 2) also rules that a barrel of wine that contains some grapes does not become prohibited, although the grapes split and release fresh juices into the wine on Shabbos. Mishna Berura (ibid. 14) explains that the reason in the bitul or nullification of the emanating juice in the at least sixty parts more of extant wine already in the barrel.
Piskey Teshuvos (New 75 edition 320: 3) quotes different opinions in regards to the need of shishim (sixty parts) and the grape juice remaining visible after bitul, and rules leniently, (since every minute amount of juice that seeps out becomes immediately mixed and nullified, it will not “awaken” later on.)
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that, in your case (even if mixed with other fruit juices) you would also require a shishim amount to permit the collected juices.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/10/2016 11:13 PM |
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#1035 Will I Cross the Line?
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Q. My friend is flying on April 15th (Friday) from Beijing to NewYork with Air China.
The flight leaves at 9:00AM, and arrives in New York at 10:20AM.
His question is regarding the flight route - is there a possibility that he will be flying over any area that night (or at least Shkia) which means that it's Shabbos, and does that have any ramifications on him?
A. A direct flight from Beijing to JFK is about thirteen and a half hours long. Due to the spherical structure of the planet, the short route taken usually is over Wrangel Island, Beaufort sea and Alaska.
Approximately after four or five hours of flight the airplane should be exiting the continental Russian Federation and thus crossing the Chazon Ish dateline, from Friday into Thursday. Since the time at that area (aprox. 70.0 N – 175.0 E) is probably four hours later than Beijing and over four hours probably have passed since the flight started, the local time at the crossing should be between 5.00 or 6.00 PM. At that latitude on April 15 it should still be before the shkiah. (8.25 PM)
The next Halacha dateline to be crossed would be the Bnei Tzion – Atzei Hassade dateline, which is close to the international dateline (aprox. 177 E according to Bnai Tzion). This would be taking into account the added travel time on about 6.30 PM or 7.30 PM. still before the shkia.
Crossing the Sefer Hayoman dateline (144.8 W) would take place about four hours later around 10.30PM – 11.30PM local time, taking into account traveling time and zone time change. According to this opinion, some traveling may occur after the shkia, (9.47 PM at 70N - 144.8 W,) before crossing back into Erev Shabbos.
Al the times quoted are only very rough approximations since the actual departure time, airspeed and route taken may vary.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/8/2016 5:25 PM |
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# 1037 Fly Away Another Day
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Q. Should one avoid traveling on Friday on this particular flight?
A. Taarich Yisroel (21: 15) quotes HoRav Eliashiv z"tl who maintains that on the onset one should avoid traveling on Friday if it may come to travel on Shabbos. However, he opines that it is permitted when in need or if done for the purpose of a mitzvah. He also quotes that Horav Ch. P. Sheinberg z"tl maintained a lenient opinion, when one is careful to abstain from melochos during the Shabbos time in the airplane, before returning to Erev Shabbos.
Horav Shlomo Millers opinion is that one should avoid traveling in principle on such long flights on a Friday, even when one will be landing on Erev Shabbos morning, since many unforeseeable factors are at play and delays are not uncommon. In case of real need it would be permitted even in the flight above described.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/8/2016 5:21 PM |
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# 1036 It's Up In The Air
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Q. What should one do when encountering such situation ? (see above question 1035)
A. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit"a opinion is similar to other Poskims advice to follow the psak of the majority (Horav Moshe Heineman Shlit"a as quoted by Rabbi D. Haber in Traveller’s Guide to the International Dateline). However, Horav Miller maintains that until one is certain that the Sefer Hayoman's (144.8 W) dateline has been crossed and it is Erev Shabbos again according to all opinions, one should abstain from all melochos. Using the bathroom will turn on lights when closing the door, flushing the toilet is also an issue. One should also refrain from eating or drinking, since it would be without Kiddush, that cannot be recited since it is a sofek brocho.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/8/2016 5:15 PM |
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#1034 Sheitl Shaila
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Q. May a married woman that totally lost her hair due to radiation treatment, wear a wig which is attached with glue and remains affixed to her scalp for 30 days, at which time the glue is reapplied and she continues to wear it month after month. Is this considered as a normal sheitel or does she have to cover this hair?
If she has new hair implants from an identical twin or from other parts of her body, does she have to cover her hair?
A. Horav Shlomo Millers Shlita opinion is that in the first case she should treat that wig like any other
common sheitl and depending on the minhag she usually keeps, she should behave accordingly. However, she does have to remove the wig before immersing in a mikva.
On the second question, you would consider viable hair implants like natural hair and she has to cover it.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a.
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Posted 4/8/2016 12:17 PM |
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# 1033 Right from the Beginning
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Q. Following our minhag my son should put on tefilin first time thirty days before his bar mitzvah and that would be on Sunday, the Isru Chag of Pesach. Due to the fact that the family will be together during Yom Tov, can he put on tefilin first time on Chol Hamoed (our minhag is to put on tefilin in Chol Hamoed without a brocha) and make a seuda then, when all the family is home? Should he make then sheheyanu on his new hat and the tefilin?
A. We find in many mitzvos, events and occasions that the beginnings are vital and crucial. From the Bereishis of Creation, the Rosh Hashono of every year, the “shono rishono” (first year)of a marriage and many others, whatever is built after, stands on the foundations of the commencement. As the well know maxim teaches “everything follows the beginnings”.
Therefore, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that this most important event of donning tefilin for the first time, should be done at a time when the mitzvah of tefilin is undisputed and can be said with a brocho, as opposed to your minhag during Chol Hamoed. See question # 918 on this forum in regards to reciting sheheyanu on new tefilin.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/7/2016 8:56 PM |
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# 1032 Soliciting an Answer
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Q On Purim we try to fulfill "kol haposhet yad nosnim lo." If I receive an email solicitation on Purim, would that be called "poshet yad?"
If it is, do I have send the money on Purim itself?
How about if I get a solicitation letter on Purim?
Is receiving an email or letter considered already “poshet yad” or is it only when I open them? If not, do I have to open the email or the letter, if I suspect that it is a solicitation?
How about during the rest of the year, in regards to the prohibition of “not closing one's hand?”
A. Rambam (Matnos Anyim 7: 1, 2) rules that it is a positive commandment to give tzdaka to the poor. He adds that the one that encounters a pleading needy and turns away from him, evading giving him tzdaka , transgresses also on the negative commandment; “You shall not harden your heart or close your hand, against your destitute brother.”(Devarim 15: 7) Rema (Y.D. 249: 4) avers that it is prohibited to send away an indigent empty handed, as it is written: “Let not the oppressed turn back in shame.” (Tehilim 74: 21)
The main differences between every day tzdaka and Purims Matonos, is the Purim obligation to actively seek the indigent and the avoidance of checking out the honesty of the soliciting individual on Purim. (O.H. 694: 3.)
To comply with Matonos Laevyonim, the minimum of two gifts have to be donated on the day of Purim itself.
However, Poskim write that neglecting a solicitation letter sent by mail does not necessarily contravene the commandments involved, since the solicitation was not presented personally and directly, but in absence and likely also to others. (Horav Eliashiv ztl quoted in Beorach Tzdaka 1: 7 n. 12. Teshuva from Horav I. Silverstein shlit"a, ibid.p. 447.)
Be'er Moishe (4: 92b,) basing his argument on Chassam Sofer's (Y.D. 220) elucidation on the differences between written and oral testimony, and the lesser reliability of the former, maintains that if the letter arrives accompanied by reliable supporting testimonies and recommendations, it should be treated as if the needy is actually present before him and thus he should be properly attended.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that emails are similar to letters and one may rely on the lenient ruling above. However, a request by phone should be treated as a personal solicitation, when the individual is known to the donor and he is collecting for his own personal needs.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/7/2016 2:13 PM |
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# 1031 Siman Tov To Mazal Tov?
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Q. This past Shabbos, Parashas Tzav, we read in the Haftarah the sentence (Yirmiya 7:34) "And I will cause to cease from the cities of Judah, and from the streets of Jerusalem, the voice of gladness, and the voice of joy, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride ; for a desert shall the land become."
Supposing that a chassan was celebrating his Aufruf that week, is it a Siman Lo Tov for him to read this portion?
If it is, should he read a different Haftarah and what should he read instead?
I have heard that some say he should read "Sos Asis" (Haftarah of Nitzavim). I find that difficult for even those who say that a Chassan reads "Sos Asis" were talking about Shabbos Sheva Brachos when the wedding was celebrated on Friday and the wedding feast on Friday night. (see Wormser Minhagbuch, vol. 2, p. 56, note 65.)
A. Although it is conceivable that one may skip those dismal pesukim, (as minchag Chabad does,) Horav Shlomo Millers Shlita opinion is that it is unnecessary, and the chosson may read them.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/3/2016 5:23 PM |
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# 1030 Whine on the Wine?
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Q. One of the reasons mentioned for the untimely death of Nadav and Avihu was that they entered the Mishkan while intoxicated. Where did they find wine in the Midbar? It is unlikely it was taken out of Mitzraim, since even enough water they did not carry. Besides they never mentioned that wine was one of the amenities they enjoyed in Mitzraim.
A. There are a number of elucidations for the source of the wine in the Midbar
1) Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit’a mentioned the Targum on Shir Hashirim (1: 14) “Dodi li bekarmei Ein Gedi. ” were it is written that the source of the needed wine for the nesochim and menochos was the exports of the vineyards of Ein Gedi. Similarly, Chida (Nachal Kedumim, Pesach Einaim – Menochos 45b) mentions that wheat for the menochos and lechem haponim was also brought from surrounding settlements.
2) Mikroei Kodesh (Pesach 12), Har Tzvi (Yuma 75: 1), Gilyonei Hashas (Brochos), Dagan Shomaim (p.132) and others debate if the mon that fell on the Midbor actually turned into the food one had in mind to eat and if one complied with it the different mitzvos that depend on food, such as matza or menochos.
Torah Shlema (Shmini) quotes Medresh Talpios (Anaf Yain) that asks this particular question, namely; where did Nadav and Avihu find wine in the wilderness. He mentions that the question is also found also in Zohar (Noach – with Hasulam p. 109) and the answer is that they drank from Miriam’s Well. The waters of this spring possessed the same singular quality of the mon. Whatever was in the mind of the drinker, the waters of the well actually turned into, including wine.
3) Or Hachaim (Bamidbar 15: 32) regarding the Mekoshesh Eitzim (woodchopper) on Shabbat, explains that there was indeed planting and harvesting done on the sands of the desert, trees included. This was miraculously and rapidly achieved by the waters of Miriam’s well. This was the source of all needed cereals and fruits as well as the wood for the mizbeach and the burning of the Parah Adumah, also for the spices of the Ketores.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/1/2016 6:16 PM |
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# 1029 Egg-xcellent Shayla
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I would like to ask a shayla. I was making an omelette in a milchik pan that is not a ben yomo. When It was ready I accidentally took a fleshik fork (which might be a ben yomo but im not sure) and used it to put the omelette on a plate. By the time I realized the fork became scolding hot and im pretty sure it touched the pan. So I guess my questions are 1. Is the omelet mutar to eat? 2. Does the pan need to be koshered? 3. If the omelet is asur to eat then does the plate (milchik) I put it on and the second fork (milchik) I used need to be koshered?
Thank you
A. Shulchan Aruch (Yoreh Deah 95: 2), rules that the “Nosen Tam Bar Nosen Tam” leniency (when only the imbedded flavour on the utensil remains) applies even to pareve food prepared in a meat or dairy pot. The Rema notes that the Ashkenasi tradition is to permit after the fact.
Therefore. Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit'a opinion is that adding the fact that this case contains a s'fek s'fiko or double doubt, the omelette and the utensils are permitted. If possible the utensils should not be used for twenty four hours.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 4/1/2016 6:04 PM |
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# 1028 What's the News?
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Q. Every Erev Shabbos our Shuls are flooded with various Parsha sheets and periodicals. While these distract from the davening, it is likely that most are better than shmoozing with one's neighbor.
However, recently there is a local newspaper/advertiser with large, colorful and glossy ads that has been put out in Shuls on Erev Shabbos. Are such papers permissible to be read on Shabbos, and more to the point, in Shul?
A. It is indeed forbidden to read business news, advertisements, and anything on commercial activities prohibited on Shabbos, due to the proscription against “pursuing your business or talking about it.” (Yeshayahu 58:13. See Mishnah Berurah 307: 63 and 323: 20, Sha’arei Teshuvah 306:3.)
Many Poskim maintain that one should abstain from any secular newspaper or news magazine, since to a great extent the content relates directly or indirectly to business and economy related matters.
Some Poskim permit reading on Shabbos newspapers containing Torah - related articles and essays. However, they insist one should be careful not to read the advertisements. (Da’as Torah 307 :14, Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchoso 29: 46, 39 Melochos p. 981)
Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit’a opinion is that even if a newspaper or magazine fits this last description, it is still improper and unbecoming to introduce and retain it in a shul, which should be totally dedicated to Torah and Tefilah.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 3/29/2016 2:48 PM |
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# 1027 Missing Mishkan Mitzvos?
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Q. According to the opinion of Rashi and the Sforno that the Mishkan was given only to redeem for the sin of the egel. Does that mean that without the egel we would be missing the largest single subject of the Torah; the Bet Hamikdash, all mitzvos of korbanot and kehuna?
A. Indeed, Rashi (beginning of Pekudey 38: 21 and Shir hashirim 1: 13) Medresh Rabba and Tanchuma (Terumah 8) and also Seforno (25: 9) all maintain that the Mishkan although mentioned before the chapter of the egel in Ki Tisa, was given to redeem the sin of the golden calf. According to Rashi, (31: 18) the parshios are presented out of chronological order.
However the Ramban (25:1 and 35:1), maintains that there is a seamless connection between Ma’amad Har Sinai and the building of the Mishkan. The Mishkan is a continuation of the revelation at Sinai and the kedusha oh Har Sinai rested on the Mishkan. This idea is central in the Ramban’s thought and appears a number of times in his writings. According to the Seforno, (see Seforno's introduction to Bereshis and commentary on Shemos 20:21-23, 25:9 and 31:18, and Vayikra 11:2 and26:11-12).not only the Mishkan that was built in the wilderness, but the Beis Ha-Mikdash itself is a result of Yisrael's weaknesses that brought about the cheit ha-egel. In his commentary Maskil Ledovid, R. David Pardo brings the view that Rashi also held that the concept of building the Mishkan was told to Moshe on Mount Sinai even before Chet Ha-Egel, and that Moshe was shown an image of the Mishkan at that time. He narrows the difference of opinion between Rashi and Ramban to a question as to whether the details of the command to build the Mishkan as presented in Parashas Terumah preceded Chet Ha-Egel (Ramban) or followed Chet Ha-Egel (Rashi).
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that even if you uphold the Midrashim and Rashi's idea, the Mishkan and all the mitzvos that directly and indirectly depended on it, would have been granted if not by the egel's sin, then by another reason, since they are part of the mitzvos of the Torah. This being similar to Am Yisroel descending to Mitzraim because of Yosef's story. If that would not have happened, something else would have been the motive.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit"a.
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Posted 3/28/2016 1:03 PM |
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# 1026 Presents to the Not Present
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Q. If I send shalach monos to someone and they were only delivered to his home when he was already in a situation of totally “ad delo yoda” and most likely was potur from mitzvos, do I comply with the mitzva?
A. Mishne Halochos (4: 90) writes that if he reached the stage of inebriation of Lot were he is not conscious of his actions, he is exempt at that stage of mitzvos and the one sending shalach monos to him would not comply with the mitzvah. However he adds, if he is asleep and may recover still during Purim, he may indeed comply.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that the sender complies with the mitzva.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a
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Posted 3/23/2016 2:55 PM |
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# 1025 Future Presents
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Q. I a friend that I want to send shalach monos to is going to be out of town during Purim, can I send to him the shaalch monos before Purim, before he travels and tell him to have in mind to acquire them only on Purim?
A. Beir Heitev (675: 7) deals with a similar case when the shalach monos were send before Purim and arrived on Purim. He quotes Yad Aharon that one complies. However Piskey Teshuvos (ibid 21) mentions that many Poskim maintain that they should be send and received on Purim itself. See also Nitey Gavriel 29: 5: n. 7) that when one has in mind to give the matonos only during Purim it may be better.
Horav Shlomo Miller's Shlit”a opinion is that if one will comply properly with the mitzva of shalach monos on Purim day, he could send when needed, additional matonos before Purim.
Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by Horav Shlomo Miller Shlit”a.
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Posted 3/23/2016 2:46 PM |
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Important Numbers
