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Have a question? Send it in! Questions are answered by Rabbi Bartfeld.

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#5109 Stop, Look and Listen?
- Q. See question above. If I continued davening the amida, do I have to look for someone to blow for me after davening. After all I did hear it?

A. Even if one was not paying attention to the listening of that shofar blowing, yet he likely heard it and noticed it without intention, since it is only a minhag, it is likely he complied.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 9/6/2024 1:08 PM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5108 – Stop and Listen?
- Q. Kvod Horav Shlit”a. It happens because of my medical situation that I come late to shul. Sometimes in the past I have had to listen to the shofar blowing at the end of davening during Elul, while I’m still saying the amidah Do I have to stop davening to listen to the blowing? What if the blower is not that good and it takes him sometimes a while, till he gets it right?

A. Nitei Gavriel (Rosh Hashana 4: 6) rules that one does not have to stop his amida prayer to listen to the blowing of the shofar during Elul. He explains that even during Rosh Hashana itself, the opinion of the Magen Avrohom (O.H. 592) is that it is not proper to blow the shofar during the quiet tefila of amida, not to disturb the people davening. So much more in our case when those shofar voices are only a tradition and not obligatory.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon
Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 9/6/2024 1:05 PM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5107 – Shofar Not So Good?
- Q. Rabino querido. You know my parents well, and following their advice, that is based on what you taught them many years ago to care for others and do mitzvot for their benefit.
I’m therefore learning to become a Baal Tokea and blow the shofar for a minyan of Baale Teshuva at the outskirts of Mexico City. The problem is that the friend teaching me to blow the shofar can only do it at night is that OK?

A. See question 858 and 859. Blowing shofar at night would depend on the opinions quoted. Aruch Hashulchan (581: 12) rules that one should not blow the shofar at night, even if his intention is only for learning.

Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion however is that you may blow at night the shofar for learning purposes.


Posted 9/3/2024 10:52 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5106 Refer the Sefer
- Q. Can you make a siyum for a Yohrzait of parents when you finish learning an important sefer, such as Mesilas Yeshorim or similar?

A. Usually the common Siyum is on a Talmud volume, a Mishna sefer, or a book of Tanach. 
However, Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that if it was indeed learned properly and with true understanding and perception, a siyum could be done.

Horav Shlomo Shlit”a  added that one should consult directly with a capable and competent Rov, that can judge and evaluate the learning conditions and the achievement obtained.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:49 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5105 A True Historic Day
- Q. I heard in our Beis Hamedrash that the 24th day of Av is a special day and therefore Tachanun should be avoided. Why is that day so special?

A. Sources quote that on the 24th day of Av the Chashmonaim replaced the Hellenic legal code with a Jewish one. So therefore this day was celebrated as a holiday.

Another most important celebration is that, tradition maintains that it is also the day when Bogdan Chmielnicki Ymshv’z, leader of the Cossacks perished (6 August 1657).
When this most evil individual, who was the leader of a peasant uprising against Polish rule in the Ukraine in 1648 it resulted in the criminally and voluntary destruction of hundreds of Jewish communities. Chmielnicki was bent on eradicating the Jews from the Ukraine. In the course of their campaigns his followers acted with extreme savage and unremitting cruelty against the Jews. Chmielnicki was bent on eradicating the Jews from the Ukraine.

The Jewish chronicles mention that close to 400,000 killed and more than 300 communities were destroyed. It was during the months of May to November 1648 that most of the massacres took place.

In the annals of the Jewish people, Chmielnicki is branded as "Chmiel the Wicked," one of the most sinister oppressors of the Jews for most generations, the initiator of the terrible 1648–49 massacres, known as “Gezeroth Tach Vetath.” Chmielnicki has gone down in history also as the figure principally responsible for the holocaust of Polish Jewry in that period.

Under the impact of the calamity, the Council of Lithuania, at its meeting of 1650, decreed three years of consecutive mourning. This took the form of a prohibition on wearing elaborate clothes or ornaments during that time, and it was decided that "no musical instrument be heard in the House of Israel, not even the musical entertainment at weddings, for a full year"; "suitable measures were to be taken to limit feasts as much as possible" (ibid., nos. 469–70).

Authors of that generation also mention regulations which sought to prevent the increase within the community of the children born to women ravished by the Cossacks. A great effort was then made to ease the plight of thousands of agunot (wives of missing husbands), and the overwhelming majority of the women who escaped were freed from their marriage bonds by halakhic decisions; many precedents in agunot regulations were then established. His death is indeed a date to be celebrated.

Nevertheless, the members of the Ukrainian nationalist movement in recent generations have come to see him as a symbol of the awakening of the Ukrainian people, while Russian nationalists regarded him as a "great patriot" who brought about the unification of Ukraine with Russia. During World War II, a military decoration was named after him, and in 1954 the town Proskurov was renamed Khmelnitski.

There may be correct meaning in the celebrating on that day.
He Died 6 August 1657 that corresponds to 27 Av 5417.

However, as Horav Shlomo Miller Shli"ta often rules. Each Minyan should follow it's own established Minhagim.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/30/2024 11:38 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5104 Allow the Blow?
- Q. If we are starting a new minyan, should we blow the shofar from the first day Rosh Chodesh Elul? The minhag in this part of town is split.

A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a opinion is that since adding an extra day for beginning to blow the shofar is not a prohibition, whatever will create and maintain Sholom Bais and avoid a dispute should be the primary and most important task to be followed.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:32 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5103 Not the Last Stand
- Q. Dear Rabbi; does someone who is already a bit aged and it is a bit difficult for him to have to stand for all the selichos, when everyone else in shul is standing, (they are younger). Should he better look for another minyan, so he will not be the only on seating down?

A. Eliahu Rabbah (581: 9) quotes Kitzur Hashelah and Mateh Ephraim (18) that it is better to stand while reciting selichos. However, one who has difficulty in standing, should at least do so if possible when saying “Kel Melech Yoshev” and the “Thirteen Midos”.

Halichos Shlomo (Tefila 6, Orchos Halocho n. 380 was indeed careful to comply with the above.
Nonetheless, in our case it is a commonly accepted behaviour.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:30 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5102 For a Split Second
? - Q. See question above. If we cannot reach an agreement, for this and other different minhagim, is it better that we should split and the new comers even if they are now a majority, should look for a new place?

A. As already mentioned above; Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a opinion is that whatever will avoid a dispute and maintain the peace, should be implemented and that should be the most important goal and destination to be followed, especially during this most holy days.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:26 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5101 Divide and Loose
- Q. We recently added a number of new members to our Beis Midrash and some have a very Chassidic background. Their leader mentioned that since Rosh Hashana is approaching and we are going to say and add many different tefilos, we should follow the new majority of the congregants.

A small example that was mentioned in our last shull meeting, was adding this coming Shabbos on the Birchas Hachodesh (blessing for the New Elul Month) the words “Uleteshuva Shleimah” (for complete repentance) normally not said. But since this is the month of Teshuva it belongs and should be mentioned. What is better and correct? To follow the new majority or keep the established way and “Nusach” mentioned for many years (almost eighty since the creation of this minyan)?

A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a opinion is that whatever will avoid a dispute and maintain peace, should be implemented and that should be the most important goal and destination to be followed, especially during the days of Elul.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:25 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5100 – Shofar So Good
- Q. See questions above. We were further wondering, if from the friends camping with us the only one that knows how to blow the shofar (more or less) is my talented son. The problem is that he is only twelve years old. Can he blow on this special occasion?

A. On question 352 regarding a minor blowing Shofar during Elul, we wrote: “Q. Dear Rabbi, In our small weekday minyan we have a problem getting someone to blow the Shofar daily. Can a youngster who is not bar mitzvah yet blow for us? To what we answered;

“Nitei Gavriel (Rosh Hashono 4: 8) writes that if no other Baal Tokea is available to blow the Shofar during Elul, even a minor who is not Bar Mitzah yet, can be asked. However on the onset, a Koton should not blow the Shofar as it is not befitting for the honor of the congregation.

Mekadesh Yisroel (Yomim Noroim p.44) depends this Shaileh on the reason for blowing Shofar during Elul, if it is for awakening the listeners to do Teshuva, then a minor may not be as stirring and as effective as an adult. Other reasons mentioned apply even when a minor blows. (See also Meagel Hashana p.37 and Shevet Hakehossi 1:185).

Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a opinion is that he can blow when no adult is available.”
As mentioned in question above, Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a opinion is that since the blowing of the shofar during Elul is only a minhag and tradition, he maintains that in need one can be lenient.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/30/2024 11:22 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5099 – Hazoom Es Hakol?
- Q. See question above. In our special situation, can we maybe just zoom a blowing of the shofar, since after all it is only for a remembrance act?

A. Horav Shlomo Miller’s Shlit”a usual opinion is that any mitzva that involves verbal expressions and voice, such as tefilos, the reading of the Torah, the reciting of any blessings etc., as we have mentioned many times, has to be done only by a human voice and effort.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:19 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5098 Blow the Blow?
- Q. Dear Rabbi. We are still traveling with our family and friends camping by the lake on our summer vacation trip. Be’H we plan to be back at the middle of next week. Since we Bechesed Hashem actually have a daily minyan and B’H we have davened every day with a minyan.

Next week we will still be in our camp for Shacharis on Wednesday, Sep. 4. We were planing to be second day Rosh Chodesh already back in town, and therefore didn’t carry a shofar with us. We have a number of questions.

Q. 1) How essential is the blowing of the shofar on the second day Rosh Chodesh Elul? Do we have to travel and borrow a shofar from a neighboring camp?

A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a opinion is that since the blowing of the shofar during Elul is only a minhag and tradition, we do not have to exert ourselves to comply with it. However, other Rabbonim disagreed.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/30/2024 11:16 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5097 Words of Honor
–   Q. See question above. Can one celebrate a Siyum on that day or should preferably postpone it.

A. Shulchan Aruch O.H. (580: 2) enumerates a list of days that were identified as days of mourning due to tragedies and disasters that occurred on them in our history, and it is proper when possible to declare them a fasting day.

Shulchan Aruch mentions the 18th day of Av as the day when the Eternal Light on the Beth Hamikdash was extinguished . Mishna Berura (ibid 6) quotes opinions that it happened on the 17th and one should mourn on both occasions.

However, a Siyum in the honor of the Kedoshim is proper and recommended.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/23/2024 10:15 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5096 The Pogrom Program
- Q. Rabenu Shlit’a. Is the 17th of Av a day for mourning?

A. The Hebron Massacre occurred on August 24, 2029. Sixty-seven Jewish men, women and children were slaughtered, and scores wounded, raped and maimed, by their Arab neighbors in the city of Hebron, who rioted for three days amid cries of "Slaughter the Jews."

The killings began on Friday afternoon, 17 Av, and most of the victims lost their lives on Shabbat, 18 Av. The survivors were forced to evacuate to Jerusalem, and the ancient Jewish community of Hebron, which had lived in relative peace in the city for hundreds of years, was not revived until after Israel's capture of Hebron in the 1967 Six Day war.

The Hebron massacre was the killing of sixty-seven or sixty-nine Jews on 24 August 1929 in Hebron then part of the BritishPalestine Mandate , by Arabs incited to violence by rumors that Jews were planning to seize control of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.

The event also left many scores seriously wounded or maimed. Jewish homes were pillaged and synagogues were destroyed or ransacked. Some say that a few of the 435 Jews who survived were hidden by local Arab families, although the extent of this rare phenomenon is debated. Soon after, all Hebron's Jews were evacuated by the British authorities.

Yet many returned in 1931, but almost all were evacuated at the outbreak of the 1936–39 Revolt of the Arabs in Palestine. The massacre formed part of the Palestine revolt, in which a total of 133 Jews and 110 Arabs were killed, the majority of the latter by British police and military, and brought the centuries old Jewish presence to an end.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/23/2024 10:09 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5095 Prepared Properly for Party
- Q. A Bride that has a family tradition on the day of her wedding to daven a special long mincha before entering the Chupa, if she thinks she will be too busy and engaged in the las minute details before the chupa and she may not be able to daven properly then, can she recite the special tefiloth when she davens Shacharis?

A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a maintains that it could be done better at an early Mincha on the right Mincha time.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/23/2024 10:04 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5094 Dance at the Right Wedding!
Q. Kvod Horav Shli”a. Should one choose when possible to get married on Tu Beav? Is there a special meaning and importance on getting married then?

A. Zohar (2 p. 195) mentions that Tu Beav is a day of Simcha and joy due to the Ilui Shechinah. In fact, Tu BeAv is the day that the Jews in the desert merited Hashroas HaShechinah, from the Simcha generated by realizing the decree was rescinded.

According to the Bnei Yisaschar all the reasons that Chazal give for the celebrating of Tu Be'av revolve around reconciliation and harmony, whether it is within the Bnei Yisroel themselves, or between them and Hashem. It is the rectification of the sins of Tisha Beav.

Also, it is the 28th day from Shiva Asar Betamuz, that is the gematria of כח, or strength, as we hope that the incomplete names of Hashem which add up to, and is also highlighted on 22nd day from Shiva Asar BTamuz, or Tisha Beav the day when the Bet Hamikdosh was destroyed, is to be completed and restored on the 28th.

Similarly, the Apter Rebbe Zt”L explains that the significance of the circle dance associated with Tu BeAv is that the ultimate dance of the days of Moshiach, when the righteous will dance in a circle around Hashem.

Tu BeAv refers to the 15th letter (Tu is gematria 15) in the Aleph Bet (Av spells Aleph Bet), which is Samach. The Samach is complete and round. A circle is a symbol of the day upon which the civil war ended and marriages were made because a circle is round without any beginning or end or conflict.

Since the 25 of Elul is the day of the creation of the world, and according to the Arizal, it is the day of the creation of the world in actuality, then 40 days prior is when the thought of its concept was conjured in Hashem's mind, so to speak. See Bnei Yisaschar Mamarei Tamuz - Av 4:1 quoting Rav Avraham Yehoshua Heschel of Mezibush.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/23/2024 9:57 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5093 - Marry Up?
- Q. Is there an inyan (reason) of making a seuda on Tu Beav for women that are looking for a Shiduch. Our a bit modern shul would like to organize one, if yes how should it be done?

A. Indeed as the Talmud (end of Taanis) mentions, one of the reasons why Tu B’av was considered one of the two greatest Yomim Tovim in our tradition is due to the fact that Shiduchim were obtained on that day There is a minhag for some to make a Seuda during Tu Beav (Karlin Beis Aharon and others. See Nitei Gavriel 98: 7, and question above).

The Arizal also writes that Tu B’Av is a Segula day of to merit finding a Shiduch. Many also visit the Kever of the Tanna Reb Yonasan Ben Uziel in Amuka and daven for finding soon the correct mate.

However, Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a answered that “There is no such segulah. I heard from Rav Chaim Kaniefsky Zt”l in the name of his uncle, the Chazon Ish Zt’l, that one who is learning, and closes the gemara to go to his parents grave on a yohrzait, does not understand what it is all about.”

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/23/2024 9:53 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5092 Have an Early Night?
- Q. See question above. Does the same apply for one who davens Maariv after plag. If he learns after davening Maariv is that considered as learning at night?

A. Horav Yaakov Hirschman Shlit’a is hat even after plag it is technically in reality still day, and you gain the benefits and blessings described the learning should at proper night.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a


Posted 8/23/2024 9:49 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5091 Call It a Day?
- Q. See question above. Dear Rov, I asked the same question above also to other Rabbis and they stressed more the importance of learning Torah at night, even in my stressful condition. Are they really wrong?

A. Dear friend, when in doubt on a Shailah, first look into what the Shulchan Aruch rules. Indeed on Yore Deah, on the Halchos of Talmud Torah (246: 23) the Mechaber mentions: “Whoever desires to acquire the Crown of Torah, should be careful on all his nights and not loose even one of them for just sleeping, eating, drinking, conversation and likewise. He must spend them with the learning of wisdom and Torah.

Remah (ibid.) adds: (quoting from the Tur and Rambam) “Since one learns most of his wisdom at night.” He then aggregates: “That one should begin his night learning from Tu Beav (the Fifteenth of Av) onward”. Taz (ibid 25) mentions that the above, at least in some version, applies also to the short nights of the Summer.

Iyun Yaakov (Chagiga: 12b) explains that Torah learned at night is truly Torah for its own sake, since during the daytime a person may be learning so that others should see him, however, nighttime learning takes place often in seclusion and modesty.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/23/2024 9:47 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)


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#5090 Have a Good Night
- Q. I wonder if I have the opportunity to learn before davening in the morning, or to do it by attending a shiur at night when I’m already a bit tired, which is preferable?

I usually do so in the morning since I’m rested and it is for me altogether much better. Yet I hear and see in Torah articles and tapes that Tu Beav is a great Yom Tov because then the nights get longer and you have a greater opportunity to learn at night, and learning then is better and more important. So really which is it?

A. The Talmud at the end of Ta’anis (31a), teaches that: From the fifteenth of Av onward, when the days begin to shorten, one who adds to his nightly Torah study will add years to his life, and he who does not add [mosif] will be gathered [ye’asef].

The Gemara asks: What is the meaning of the phrase: He will be gathered? Rav Yosef said: It means that his mother will bury him, as he will be gathered to his grave (see Genesis 49:33). We do realize the importance of learning at night and adding to it.

Indeed, as you mentioned, it is better to learn when a person is rested and his mind is clear. However, to comply with the above he should learn some Torah at night also.

Rabbi A. Bartfeld as revised by, Horav Yaakov Hirschman, Horav Dovid Pam, Horav Aharon Miller, Horav Chanoch Ehrentreu and Horav Kalman Ochs Shlit'a



Posted 8/23/2024 9:44 AM | Tell a Friend | Ask The Rabbi | Comments (0)



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