HASHEM opened the mouth of the she-donkey and she said to Bila'am, "what have I done to you that you have struck me these three times?" - Bamidbar 22:28. The Storyline: The story of Bila’am, the gentile prophet,
is most peculiar. It begins when
Balak, the king of Moav, recognizes
that he is in danger. The Jewish nation had
just destroyed Sichon, and Moav was next.
Out of desperation, Balak sent messengers to
Bila’am, saying, “Please, curse this nation so
that we can remain in our land.”
Bila’am was more than willing to curse the
Jews — he hated them more than Balak did,
explains Rashi. Balak only asked for help
defending himself against the Jews; Bila’am
wanted them dead. Therefore, Bila’am asked
HASHEM for permission to curse the Chosen
Nation.
HASHEM said to Bila’am, “You may go,
but do not say anything I don’t tell you to
say.” Bila’am then set off with his donkey
on a journey to curse the Jews. Along the
way, the donkey was stopped by a malach,
and Bila’am beat it. The donkey continued.
Again a malach stopped it, and again
Bila’am beat it. Finally, the donkey opened
its mouth and spoke. An overt miracle.
The Seforno explains that Hashem brought
about this miracle so that Bila’am should
realize his mistake and do teshuvah. Even
though Hashem doesn’t normally create obvious
miracles, He nevertheless did so here
because He didn’t want a man as important
as Bila’am to be lost.
³ PUTTING THIS INTO
PERSPECTIVE
This Seforno is difficult to understand. Can
we imagine anyone more evil than Bila’am?
He was gifted with the status of a navi,
thereby granted a fantastic power: the ability
to bless or curse. His words were potent.
He was now going to use his power to annihilate
a people. His intentions were to wipe
out the Jews — every man, woman, and
child. And he would have succeeded had
HASHEM not stopped him. This is a man
on the level of an Adolph Hitler.
Why would Hashem allow such a man to
do teshuvah? And even more, why would
HASHEM change nature to save such a
lowlife?
To answer this question, we need a different
perspective.
³ WHAT DID YOU DO TO BE
WORTHY OF BEING CREATED?
The Chovos HaLevavos says that a person
should ask himself the following question:
before I was created, what did I do that
made me worthy of being created? I recognize
that I didn’t exist and that HASHEM
made me. It must be that HASHEM felt
that it was worthy to bring me into being.
What is it that I did that made me worthy
of being created?
The answer is nothing. Because before you
were created, you weren’t. And that is the
point. There is nothing you did to make it
fit for HASHEM to create you. He created
you only out of His loving kindness.
HASHEM is the Benefactor. HASHEM
wishes to give. Generous and magnanimous,
HASHEM wishes to shower His good upon
others. Not because they deserve it, and not
because they merit it, but because that is the
nature of HASHEM: to bestow as much
blessing as He can. HASHEM created everything
— the stars, the sun, the moon, the
oceans, and the rivers — to give to man.
Man, however, has to earn that good. To do so,
he must perfect himself. HASHEM is the source
of all perfection. HASHEM put man into this
world charged with the mission of making himself
as much like HASHEM as humanly possible.
When man is finished his job here, he
enjoys closeness to HASHEM in accordance to
the amount that he perfected himself here.
That, however, is the inherent obstacle.
HASHEM is beyond time, beyond space,
and beyond any limitation. By definition,
HASHEM is beyond human understanding.
HASHEM wants man to emulate Him
— but that is impossible.
To allow for this, HASHEM manifests
Himself cloaked in character traits. Those
traits guide HASHEM’s interaction with
the world. Now, based on how HASHEM
acts, man can see Him.
³ JUSTICE VERSUS MERCY
HASHEM originally thought to create the
word with din (justice) as the guiding attribute.
However, din demands total accountability.
Din demands absolute responsibility.
And din demands immediate consequences.
You are liable for what you did. No excuses.
No mitigating circumstances. You brought
this about, this is the result.
If din were the operating attribute, no human
could exist. Man will err; man will slip.
Therefore, HASHEM created the world
with rachamim (mercy) as the predominant
force. Now, our actions are viewed through
the lens of understanding. Mitigating circumstances
are taken into consideration,
and time is granted. Time to recognize our
errors. Time to correct our ways.
Therefore, HASHEM manifests Himself in
the almost human character trait of mercy
— the key word being almost. HASHEM is
not human. And HASHEM is not restricted.
When HASHEM wears an attribute, it
is endless and boundless. When Hashem
wears the attribute of mercy, it has no limit.
³ THE EXTENT OF
HASHEM’S MERCY
This seems to be the answer to Bila’am.
Granted he was wicked, and granted he set
out to use his gifts for evil, but HASHEM
still wished for his good. HASHEM still
loved him. Despite everything he was planning
to do, HASHEM didn’t want him destroyed.
And so, HASHEM tried guiding
him to teshuvah even if that meant changing
nature and making a donkey speak.
There is a vital lesson for us in these words.
Bila’am was a gentile — a gentile who
turned to wicked ways. Yet HASHEM still
waited for his teshuvah. How much more
so for us, the children of Avraham, Yitzchak
and Yaakov? We are HASHEM’s nation. We
are His beloved. HASHEM waits with open
arms, saying, “Return, My
children. Return.”